reiss



July I 1924'. Y 1,499,593

P. RElss CALCULAT I NG MACHINE Filed April 1a, 1922 sheezs-shen 1 P.REISS CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 18 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 luie/daf;Paal Reiss,

`Lnumerical value of the Patented July l, 1924.

1,499,593 PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL Reiss, or DANZIG (FREE CITY or),

e. M. is. H.,

ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM GUTSCHOW & C0.

OF DANZIG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application led April 18, 1922. Serial No. 555,321.

T 0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL Rniss, acitizen of Germany, residing at Danzig(Free City of), have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCalculating' Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to key operated calculating machines forfiguring with several rows of numbers, and especially to automaticallyrecording adding andv subtracting machines of that type in which thetransferring of the several numerical quantities which are set by thekeys to the counting f and printing means is effected by means ofreciprocating rack bars or the like the ratio of movement of whichcorresponds to the particular key operated.

In accordance with this invention the ratio "of movement of the rackbars or the like which operate the numeral members or wheels of thecounting mechanism is determined by means of dogs or coupling inem-"ibers adjustably tocbe connected to said rack zbars or the like, inseveral positions by the operation of the keys, the said dogs orcoupling members being adapted to engage with a projection or stoprigidly secured tothe frame of the calculating machine and limiting themovement of the said rack bars or the like. The distances of thepositions to which the dogs or the like are adjusted on 'the rack barsor the like from the stationary 'movement limiting stop referred to inthe .inoperative position of the rack bars or the :like correspond tothe numerical values of `the keys corresponding to the respective dogsor the like. The said keys are positively connected to the adjustabledogs or coupling members of the rack bars or the like without, however,causing this connection to interfere with the possibility of displacingthe rack bars or the like.

The reciprocation of the several rack bars or the like is preferablyeffected from a common sliding member adapted to be reciprocated withunchanging stroke, and which may be coupled to the rack bars or the likeby means of the adjustable dogs or the like referred to.

The invention has reference also to improvements in the particular meansof connecting the keys to the adjustable dogs, and it also provides forimproved means of arranging said dogs, and for improved meansaccompanying drawing showing a calculat- Y ing machine by way of exampleas an enibodiment of my invention, in which:

Figure l is a vertical section through the keyboard portion withadjoining parts, all the parts not absolutely necessary for theunderstanding of the invention Ahaving been removed from the drawing.

Figure 2 is a section on the line Ill-II of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a partial elevation of the parts of machinery illustrated inFigure 1, seen from the opposite side (in the direction of the arrow ofFigure l).

Figure al is a horizontal section on the line IV*IV of Figure l.

Referring particularly to Figure l. of the drawing a row or column ofkeys of the key board of the calculating machine are indicated at l toQand 0. The said keys are arranged as usual in rows or columns onebehind the other transversely to the direction in which the numbers forwhich the machine is to be set will have to be read. Of such numberingrows the machine possesses as many will correspond to the amount ofcharacters for which the machine is intended. In the drawing 'for thesake of simplifying the explanation of the parts of machinery only onesuch row of keys has been represented with the adjacent operatingmechanism, the drawing illustrating by way of example the keys at theextreme left of the machine. The several keys correspond to thenumerical characters by which they are designated in the drawing. Eachseparate key is provided with a stein 21 constituted. by a flat. bar,and guided in slots 3l of a flange 33 at the upper end of a sheet metalwall 32 provided for each row of keys, the stems being also guided bylugs 3e obtained by the punching out of parts of the wall 32, andbending the cut-out portions inwards. Springs 35,- attaclied with theirupper ends to the flange 33 and with their lower ends to pins 36 of thekey stems 2l keep the keys in the raised position. Below the pins 36another pin 37 is secured yto each of the stems 2l adapted to engagebehind a locking tooth or shoulder 38. The said shoulders 38 of all the,keys are provided on lli) a common locking bar 39 guided by means ofslots 40` and pins 44 provided Vin the wall 32 and longitudinallydisplaceable. Y The locking bar 39 is drawn to the leftof the drawing(Figure 1) by a spring 41 oneend of which being attached to the wallv32, while the other end of the springacts upon the locking bar 39. Thetop parts of' the locking teeth or shoulders 33 are slantedoff, so as tocause the respective pin 37 upon the depression of the corresponding keyto laterally displace the locking tooth andconsequently the bar 39itself. The zero key is not provided witlia locking tooth, but instead othat the bar 39 vis provided Vat the particular point with an inclinedface 42 corresponding-to the inclinedtop surface of the teeth 37.

Below each partition wall 32 a rack bar 61 is arranged the teeth62 ofwhichengage in the well knownmanner with the teeth of a pinion securedVin the numeral wheel 116 of the counting mechanismofthe Inachi'ne. Inthe case of self-recording:calculating machines with printing mechanismthe operatingineans for the printing mechanism may be connectedat thispoint. VThe rack bars 61 are guided in the slots 64 (Fig. 2) of twovindented plates68 arranged in transverse relation thereto. The rack bars62are also supported onrollers 67. VThree Ygroups of slots a are,provided in the rack bars 62, the said groups vbeing distributedV alongthe respective longitudinal row of keys. Each of theslo-ts correspondstoone of the .nine keys. In order'to assistfin the determination ot Vtheparticular key co-rresponding to each of the-slots ,the referencecharacters@ -or the slots have been provided with the correspondingindex marks 1 to 9 in the'drawing. The position` of the rack barlillustrated in Figure :1 Vcorresponds to its -position ofrest, that istosay to the position in which the zero.V willappear in the ywindow ofthe corresponding number wheel; this position will Vhe'referred vtohereinafter as the zero-positionfV In the bottomedge of vthesheetinetalfwall 32 .oppo-V site tothe upper side of the rack bar 61 ninenotches or recesses b are -provided'which register exactly with theslots a` in the'zero position of the rackbar. The lower edge of thesheet metal v,partition 32 4is situateddi? i rectly above thev upperedgeothefrack bar 61. The .recesses bY which are provided in the drawingwith index marks Vcorrespondling tothe'slots ato indicate the keys cor-Yresponding thereto7 are engaged laterallyby dogs Vor, couplingpins c(Figure 2) provided upon the lower Vends of oscillatable or rock?Vingarms cZfthe upper ends of which are pivoted `at e' to horizontalVVarms f Yrigidly r Y connectedto the key stems 21.A This kind of'connection, however, Y applies Yonly. to Ythe rocking or goscillatable'arms corresponding Y rack bars.

ing arms corresponding to the keys 2, 5 and Y 8 are pivoted to the stemsof the keys 2, 5 and 8 by means-of brackets g2, g5 and g8l respectively(Figs. V3 and4). The rigidly secured arms f oi' the keys 1, 4 and 7 and,onV the other hand, the rigid arms f of the keys 3, 6 and 9 arealternatingly arranged in dierent directions, andV they are of suchlength that theV particular pivoting points e1, e3, e4, e6, c7, e9 are.in substantial alignment with the pivotingpoints e2, e5, es. Vrlherigid 'arms f belonging to the keys .1, 3, 4,6, 7 and 9 extend throughrecesses or slots V70Y of the wall 32,7and projectfupon the other sideof the wall32 opposite the-key stems 21, where they are Vbent toward thecentral key stem. Other recesses or slots 71 in the wall 32 permit thepassage ofthe brackets, g carrying the rocking bars d2, Z5 and (ZS,corresponding to the keys 2, 5 and 8 respectively (compare Figure Y4).The manner of connecting the dogs or pins c to theV corresponding keystems isillustrated in Figure 3, it being lassumed thatrthe three keys7, 3 and 9have been depressed to diffe-rent degrees. As appears fromFig-ure 1,'thekey 7 is in connection with the pin c7 which is lodged inthe recess 57 at theeXtreine right of the group, whilethe pin 08 in thecentral recess bs is connected to the key 8,.andthe pin e9 in the recessat the extreme left of the group is connected to the key 9. Thepositionof the gro-ups of slots a in the two eX- tremepositions of the rack'bar61 issubstantially: symmetric .relatively to an imaginary vertical lineto .be drawn through Vthe pivoting axis commento the three rocking armsof the respective group.' Y f Y The distance of the several slots a ofeach' group from each other in the form of construction herein shown inVwhich the counting or numeral. wheels 116yhave a number Y ofnumberingcharactersV equal to the nurnber lof teeth of the gearV wheels63, correllO sponds tothe pitchV of these toothed gear Y wheels or totliepitch'ofthe rack bar 61. In the case ofV counting wheels lwithrepetitions of rows ofnuinberingcharacters, Vor in Vthe case of; theinsertiono'f'motion-transmitting Vgearing intermediate thefrack bar andthe Acounting wheel .the distance referred to is a Vthe movements oftherack bar towards theV right.V i'lhese'movein'entsV of the rackV bar areefected by means of a slide member or a carriage .111 mountedinlateralguides V112 of the Vframe 113; of the machine belowv the The saidfslideniember or car-VV riageis operatedbyfineans of a pitman rod 114 froma'crank 115 which islmounted upon the driving shaft 161 of thecalculating machine, and which may either be operated manually or bymeans of a suitable motor. Upon the carriage 111 brackets 110 the numberof which corresponds to the number of the longitudinal rows of keys areprovided and each of which possesses three projections or catches 18a,18h, 18c which project between the rack bars 61 (Figure 2).

The operation of the device is as follows z` By depressing one of thekeys, the key 9 for instance, against the action of the spring 35 thekey remains in the depressed position, after the locking tooth 38 hasbeen forced sideways by the pin 37, the locking tooth having againbecome engaged behind the pin 37 by the operation of the tension spring41 acting upon the locking bar Upon the depression of the key 9 thecorresponding coupling pinor stop c is positively moved by the actuationof the key. The said pin becomes disengaged from its recess or notch b9,and enters the opposite slot a to such an extent as to become situatedin the path of movement of the catch 18e. Thus, this catch 18c upon theneXt movement of the carriage or slide member 111 which is caused by therotation of the crank in the direction of the arrow, is adapted to'become engaged with the coupling pin cf. By this means the carriage 111is coupled to the rack bar 61, resulting in the rack bar being moved tothe right until the pin 09 abuts against the rigid stop 15C. ThiseXtreme position of the rack bar 61 corresponds to the right hand deadcenter position of the crank 115. During this movement the rack bar 61will have rotated the counting wheel 116 through a distancecorresponding to the numerical value of the key that has been depressed,that is to say, in the particular case under consideration,` throughnine points as an instance. In order to produce this result thedist-ance of the coupling pin G9 in the zero position of the rack bar 61from the stationary stop 15',

should correspond to nine multiples of the pitch of the rack bar 61,while the distance between the catch 18C in the left hand deadcenterposition of the crank from the coupling pin 09 in the zero position ofthe rack bar 61 should correspond to the single pitch value. As ageneral rule, the distance of the particular adjustable dog or pin cwhich is set in its position relatively to the rack bar by thedepression of one ofthe keys from the corresponding stationary stop 15a,15b and 15C respectively should be equal to a multiple of the pitch of`the gearing corresponding to the numbering character of the respectivekey, while, on the other hand, the distance of the lugs or catches 18a,181 and 1SC respectively from the dogs o in their adjusted positionsshould correspond to a multiple of the pitch in accordance with thecomplement of the respective numbering character.

Upon continuing the rotation of the crank 115 the carriage 111 isreturned while the rack bar 61 for the time being remains in its extremeposition, until it is again withdrawn by the lug or catch 18b which,during the return movement, engages with a pin 16 laterally projectingfrom the rack bar. Upon reaching the zero position in which the slots aregister again with the recesses b the locking bar 39 may be released bymeans of a suitable mechanism not shown in the drawing so that thepreviously depressed key 9 is free to return to its inoperativeposition. During this return movement the key carries the coupling pin cwith it causing it to become disengaged from the slot c and to enter theopposite recess b9. 'Ihe machine will then be again restored to itsnormal position ready for operation. In a similar manner the stop pinscorresponding to the other keys are operated.

Itis not absolutely necessary for the rack bars to be positivelyoperated by means of the catches 18 through the medium of the carriage111; in the practise of my invention I may also proceed to cause themovement of the rack bars by the carriage by means of yieldingconnecting members which may comprise for instance springs, slidingclutches or the like. In such cases the stroke ofthe carriage shouldpreferably be larger than the distance between the two extreme positionsof the rack bars, while in the case of the form of embodiment hereinshown and described the stroke of the carriage is substantially equal tothe distance referred to,

The division of the slots in several groups may, of course, bediii'erent from the one herein shown, but the division in three groupsis preferable in view of the keys being arranged infsets of nine. Undercertain conditions the division in several groups may be entirelydispensed with, and in such case thel slots would be arranged in directsuccession. Such a form of construction, however, is less recommendable,because in this case the rocking arms cl which connect the stems 21ofthe keys to the coupling pins c would have to cross each other atfrequent points and would be compelled to projectexcessively andconsequently must be extremely long. Furthermore than that, the angularmovements imparted to the rocking arms upon the displacement of the rackbar from one extreme position into the other, would become considerablylarger than heretofore shown.

I claim 1. In a calculating machine the combination of a countingmechanism, a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism, astationary stop adapted to limit the movement of said rack in onedirection,

depressible keys, Vcoupling members .operatively connected to said keysand engageable with said rack at different points, and

means for movingsaid rack in theone and in the other direction. Y

2. n a calculating machine the combination of` a counting mechanism, aslidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from aZero iposition to different end positions, a stationary stop -limitingthe ,movement of said rack in oneY direction, depressible keys,adjustable coupling members positively connected to said keys andengageable with said rack at points which in the zero positionV ofsaidrack are spaced from the stationary stopV in ac- Cordance with thenumerical value-of said keys, andrineans for `moving said rack in theone and in the other direction. Y

3.V In a calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, aslidable rack operatively connected tocsaid mech- Vanism andfmovablefrom a Zero position to different end positions, a stationary stoplimiting the movement ofV said rack in one direction, depressible keys,rocking arms pivotallyconnected lto said keys, coupling pins secured tothe lower ends of said arms,

said rack having a plurality of slots engageable with said pins so as tocouple them to said rack, the distances Vbetween said slots in the zeroposition of the rack and said stop being propcrtionalto the numericalvalue of the keys, and means for moving said rack in the one and in theother direction. Y Y Y Y 4. In av calculating machine the combinatioiiof a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operatively connectedto saidmechanism,a stationary stop limiting theinovement of said vrack in onedirection,.de| 3ressiblekeys, vcoupling members operatively connected tosaid vkeys and engageable VWith said rack at different points, aslidermember, a. catch engageable with said coupling means,l and meansto reciprocate said slide member." Y Y In a calculating machine thecombinai tionoi'. a counting mechanism, a slidable rack operativelyconnected to said mechanisinand 'Y movable from a Zero position todifferent end 'positions a: stationary stop limiting the movement ofsaid rack'in onedirection, de-VV pressible keys, adjustable couplingmembers operatively connected'to said keys landenageable With said 'rackat points Which in Vthe zero position of said Vrack are spaced fromtl'iestationary stop in v'accordance with' thel numerical value of saidkeys, aVv slide member, a catch engageable With said Vcouplingimeans,the distance between the VKWorking Vfaceofsaid-catch'in the one end-po'- sition of said slide-member and the points" ,of said rack Wherecoupling'ofsaid couplingfmember takes place being Vproportional to thecomplements of :the numerical values of the respective keys; andmeai'isto reciprocate said slide member.

'v6.7 ln a calculating machine the combina-- tion of counting mechanism,a slidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism, a plurality ofstationary stops spaced apart from each other and each oifsaid stopsengageable withV said rack upon movement thereofV in one direction,depressible keys, a plurality of groupsgof slots provided in-said rack,said groups being spaced apart from each other, the number of saidgroupscorresponding to the number of said stopsytlie distances of saidslots in the zero position Vthereof in one direction, depressible keys,

three groups oi` slots provided in said rack l spaced apart from eachother, the distances of said slotsin the Zero position ot said rack fromtheir respective stops being-proportional to the numerical value of therespective keys, rocking yarms pivotally connected to said keys,coupling pins rigidly secured to the lower ends'rof Vsaid arms,

three groups of notches engageable with said pins inl their normalposition, said notches being in .alineinentiivith said slots in the zeroposition of said rack, aslide member, three catches on said member, re-

spectively engageab'le. With oneV oi3 said-pins i on being Yengaged byits respective slot, and

means to reciprocate said slide member.

' 8. In a calculating machine theicombina-Y tion of a'counting'niechanisiin a slidable rack operatively connected to saidmechanism and movable from a Zero position to ditl'erentlend positions,three separately arranged stationary stops,-,each oi said stopsengageable AWith said rack upon. imivenient` thereof in. one direction,depressible keys,

three groups of slots provided in said rack izoV spaced apart from'eachother,the distances Y,

of saidslots inthe zero position of lsaid rackfrom their respectivestops-being pro-j Vportional to the numerical value-ot the respectivekeys, rocking arms pivotallyV con-Y nected to said keys, coupling pinsrigidly secured to tlie'lower ends of Vsaid arms, three groupsofrnotches engageable with said pins in their normal position, saidnotches being in alinement with said slots in the Zero position of saidrack, a slide member, three catches on said member respectivelyengageable with one ot said pins, on being engaged by its respectiveslot, rigid arms extending from the outer keys of a group of keystowards the central key of the group, pivotal connection of saidrigid'arms with certain of said rocking arms, the pivots of the rockingarms of said outer keys being provided at the inner ends of said rigidarms and being in their normal position substantially in axial alinementwith the pivot of the rocking arm of said central key, and means toreciprocate said slide member.

9. In a calculating machine the combination fof a counting mechanism, aslidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from azero position to different end positions, three separately arrangedstationary stops, each of said stops engageable with said rack uponmovement thereof in one direction, depressible keys, three groups ofslots provided in said rack spaced apart from each other, the distancesof said slots in the zero position of said rack from their respectivestops being proportional to the numerical value of the respective keys,rocking arms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins rigidlysecured to the lower ends of said arms, three groups of notchesengageable with said pins in their normal position, said notches beingin alinement with said slots in the Zero position or" said rack, a slidemember, three catches on said member respectively engageable with one ofsaid pins on being engaged by its respective slot, rigid arms extendingfrom the outer keys of a group of ,keys towards the central key of thegroup, pivotal connection of said rigid arms with certain of saidrocking arms, the pivots of the rocking arms of said outer keys beingprovided atthe inner ends of said rigid arms and being in their normalposition substantially in axial alinement with the pivot of the rockingarm of said central key, a partition wall, a notched bottom section insaid partition wall, guiding means on said partition wall and engageablewith said keys, and means to reciprocate said slide member.

10. In a calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, aslidable rack operatively connected to said mechanism and movable from azero position to different end positions, a stationary stop limiting themovement of said rack in one direction, depressible keys, rocking armspivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins secured to thelower endsof said arms, said rack having a plurality of slots engageable with saidpins so as to couple them to said rack, the distances between said slotsin the Zero position of the rack and said stop being proportional to thenumerical value of the keys, springs in operative engagement with saidkeys and retaining said coupling pins in their normal position, andmeans for moving said rack in the one and in the other direction.

ll. In al calculating machine the combination of a counting mechanism, aslidable rack operatively connected 'to said mechanism and movable froma zero position to different end positions, three separately arrangedstationary stops, each of said stops engageable with said rack uponmovement thereof in one direction, depressible keys, three groups ofslots provided in said rack spaced apart from each other, the distancesof said slots in the zero position of said rack from their respectivestops being proportional to the numerical value of the respective keys,rocking arms pivotally connected to said keys, coupling pins rigidlysecured to the lower ends of said arms, three groups of notchesengageable with said pins in their normal position, said notches beingin alinement with said slots in the zero positionof said rack, a slidemember, three catches on said member, respectively engageable with oneof said pins on being engaged by its'respective slot, an abutment onsaid rack engageable with one of said catchesv upon the return movementof the rack, and means to reciprocate said slide member.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL REISS. Witnesses:

RUDOLF BRIMLINK, BRUNO GEBINSKI.

